"We probably have only 10-15 years to stop the onset of infectious diseases. We must keep pace in order to cut the sickness rate all over the world before the bacteria lose all sensitivity to drugs".
David Heiman, Executive Director of one the programs of the World Health Organization
PROBIOTICS OPEN A NEW FRONT AGAINST INFECTIONS
MADE IN
NOVOSIBIRSK.
PEOPLE WHO MEAN BUSINESS
Numerous surveys conducted on the threshold of the new century showed that
antibiotics are considered one of the outstanding discoveries of the XX
century. But will they remain the symbol of the century we’ve just
entered?
The agents of infectious diseases
become resistant to antibiotics. The drugs which used to save millions of
lives are now worthless. Why does it happen?
Only microbes can save us from
microbes
The principal solution to the problem
has long been known. It lies in the development of the so-called
probiotics – the products based on microorganisms which actively destroy
pathogenic microflora.
”The world of cells can be roughly
divided into two kinds”, explains Lelyak, "microbe cells and the cells
that make up the human body. The microbe cells that are parasitic on the
human body can also be divided into two kinds – to those who are for us
and those who are against us. Let’s call them "white” and
"black” warriors.
"Black” warriors have a very good
appetite and, reproducing in our bodies, poison it. The result is that we
perish from infection. "White” warriors are our defenders. For
millions of years, every second of their lives, they fight the "black”
warriors for our health (and their food) and they always win. It is these
"white warriors” which are the active force in probiotics. We can even
say that probiotics are not drugs but immunocorrectors of the
physiological activity of all warm-blooded animals, including humans. They
normalize the state of intestinal microflora and enhance the immunity
which then allows the body to cope with all diseases on its own.”
Many years of research have shown
that microorganisms selected by evolution as the body's beneficial
companions play a crucial role in maintaining the health of humans,
animals and plants. The attempt of humans to defend themselves against
harmful microbes by chemical treatment of vegetables, in order to increase
their storage time, has led to a chronic shortage of beneficial microflora
which also enters our bodies through fruit and vegetables. This is why the
number of bacteria playing the protective, sanitary role has sharply
decreased. So, it became necessary to make up for the deficit of
"friendly” microflora.
The main difficulty for the
scientists was how to locate and "educate” these skillful fighters for
our health. This was the task set before the group of Novosibirsk
biotechnologists headed by Alexander Lelyak.
The scientists of the Research Center
have successfully extracted some bacteria which are friendly to humans.
These bacteria actively propagate in the "host” organism without any
harmful effects and develop in the way which lets them to build up the
most effective defense against alien microbes. After their mission is
completed the bacteria are extracted from the organism or their number is
significantly reduced.
"The new way of creating
medications”, says Alexander Lelyak, "is in full correspondence with
the direction of the evolutionary process, this is why they are so
effective for the treatment and prevention of the widest range of
infectious diseases of humans and animals. Pathogenic microflora cannot in
principle adapt to the bacteria contained in our products because they are
hardened in their ever-going fight with the "black warriors”.
Valentin ROMANOV.
Our file:
The term "probiotics" was
proposed by Richard and Parker in 1977 to define microorganisms and
products from their fermentation which have an antagonistic effect on
microfloral pathogens. But the first person to inform the world about this
phenomenon was the Russian biologist, Ilya Mechnikov, who summarized
isolated experimental data on the study of the phenomenon of antagonism.
His doctrine of the premature death of humans due to constant intoxication
of the body by the products of intestinal saprogenous bacteria has
received wide recognition and practical application.Microorganisms used as
probiotics are divided into 4 groups, including common yeast.